Six inmates die at Mutimurefu Agric prison

About six prisoners died this week alone at Mutimurefu agric prison in Masvingo. Four of the six inmates were found dead in the cells, one died at the hospital and the sixth died soon after arriving back from hospital where she had been discharged. Prisoners continue to die at Mutimurefu prison with the reports that last year seven inmates died of hunger related diseases.

Pellagra continues to claim lives of inmates in the country. Pellagra is a vitamin deficiency disease caused by lack of niacin (vitamin B3). Other reports allege that six people were found dead in their cells at Chikurubi Maximum security prison on the 15th of May this year.

The gravity of situation in the Zimbabwe prisons was exposed in a South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) documentary aired in March. The Government of Zimbabwe dismissed the video as a fraud arguing that the documentary was shot in some African states which is not Zimbabwe. The government then conceded that the country’s prison system had collapsed and appealed for international donors to provide food for the inmates.

It is alleged that 970 prisoners had died due to malnutrition in 2009 only. The figure is “three times higher the number of deaths recorded during the same period last year” said Jessie Majome the Deputy Minister of Justice and Legal affairs who was quoted in this weeks edition of financial Gazette. 

ROHR Zimbabwe president Ephraim Tapa said in an address at Zimbabwe independence celebrations in the United Kingdom that the experience in the prisons can be likened to the Jewish holocaust under Nazi regime.

The prison conditions in the country are epitomic of the general rot and decline of standards of living in the country. The Government is grappling to provide for its own citizens outside the prisons as reports of children dying of starvation countrywide are being received by our field officers. In its first 100 days, the Inclusive Government of Zimbabwe (IGoZ) has little to show for the nation as progress. In fact the humanitarian and human rights situation continues to deteriorate. 

For more information about human rights situation in Zimbabwe please visit our website on www.rohrzimbabwe.org

Prominent human rights lawyer arrested

While the nation thought the release of Gandhi Mudzingwa, Kisimusi Dhlamini and Andrison Manyere on bail yesterday 13 May 2009 was a step in the right course, we shocked at news of human rights lawyer Alec Muchadehama’s arrest today 14 May 2009 at the Rotten Row Magistrate court. Muchadehama is being charged with obstructing the course of justice by allegedly conniving with judge smith to sign bail papers for political prisoners.

Beatrice Mtetwa who spoke to us said that Muchadehama is being charged of obstructing the course of justice. He was apprehended at around 1000hrs by three police officers from the law and order. At the time of sending this feed, he was still detained at Harare Central law and order section room 92. 
Muchadehama is a prominent human rights lawyer, who has worked with various human rights groups in Zimbabwe including ROHR Zimbabwe. 
Gandhi Mudzingwa, Kisimusi Dhlamini and Andrison Manyere were released yesterday $1000 bail each. We celebrate their freedom although the bail conditions are a mockery to the whole judicial system which is apparently being used by ZANU PF to victims champions of human rights and people’s freedoms.
These latest developments are a disturbing. The move by the state is symptomatic of obvious deficits in political will within the Government to restore the rule of law and expand civil and political liberties as agreed in the Global Political Agreement.  
Constitutional provisions that guarantee lawyers’ right to represent anyone without fear of prosecution or harassment should be respected at all times if the legal system is to be effectively reformed.
ROHR secretary General Tichanzii Gandanga says he condemns the arrests as this serves to show the insincerity of Zanu PF. Gandanga says the arrest means that the MDC has so far failed to influence change on issues of human rights in Zimbabwe. The reality of Zanu PF is what we see; the reality of Zanu PF is what it has done to Roy Bennett, Jestinah Mukoko, Gandhi Mudzingwa and all victims of political harassment and violence.
For more information, contact
Thomas Madhuku
Information and Communications Intern

Editors of Zimbabwe Independent newspaper arrested

As the State moves swiftly to protect its agents of human rights crimes
 
Today we saw conflicting headlines in the herald. The Information, Communication and technology Minister Nelson Chamisa applauded the just ended stakeholder media conference held in Kariba under the theme ‘Towards an Open, Tolerant and Responsible Media environment ‘. He’s quoted as saying that “this is a break from the past, a troubled mind does not breed a perfect mind. There is an appetite to address media issues.” He hailed Media, information and Publicity Minister Webster Shamu for ‘demonstrating determination to create a vibrant media in the country’

The same page carried a headline ‘Zim Ind journalists arrested’, a story that details yesterday's arrest of Zimbabwe independent editor Vincent Kahiya and the paper’s news editor Constantine Chimakure for publishing a special feature implicating various security personnel in the abductions, detentions and torture of MDC and human rights activists.

We received an alert today of the release of the two journalists on $200 bail. They were remanded out of custody until the end of this month (28 March).

They will appear before courts on charges under criminal Law (Codification and reform) Act, in which the state’s case would be that their story in last Friday’s edition was published with intention of undermining public in law enforcement agents.

The irony however lies in the fact that the law enforcement agents themselves have lost credibility stemming from their inability to maintain law and order during the post March 29 elections violence, their apparent involvement in partisan politics and the violation of people’s rights and freedoms.

In any working democracy, the people who should be arrested and investigated are the named officers (Assistant Director External of the CIO Retired general Brigadier Asher Walter Tapfumanei, police superintendents Reggis Chitekwe, Joel Tendere, detective inspectors Elliot Muchada and Joshua Muzanango, officer commanding CID Homicide Crispen Makadenge, chief superintendent Peter Magwenzi and Senior Assistant Commissioner Simon Nyati. The people would want to know that these people together with their principal are made to account for their clandestine activities that undermined the affected political and human rights prisoners abducted between October and December 2008.

We want to remind the inclusive Government that we are inclined towards favouring a system that advocates for true justice and restitution from rights violations especially when the identity of people involved is known. The government seems keen to protect perpetrators of violence, politically motivated crimes and rights violations at the expense of justice. The use of a controversial pieces of repressive legislation to gag the media from highlighting the truth is indicative of the vindictive nature of our government. There is need for serious reform of mind and the repealing of all repressive legislations such as POSA, AIPPA, BSA and Criminal law (Codification and reform) Act.

The continued harassment of human rights/political activists and journalists should stop. Shadreck Manyere, a freelance journalist is still in detention ever since he was abducted by the state in 2008. Like all the prisoners of conscience still in detention and those recently granted bail, he was severely tortured and a confession forced out of him that the state uses to build their conspiracy theories. The first 100 days of the new Government has been marred by a continued deterioration and decline of people’s lives on both human rights and humanitarian levels.

Evicted for having electricity and water at home!

As the wheels of injustice and violation of people’s property rights at the farms escalate at the tacit encouragement of the Government, ROHR Zimbabwe names and shames the following ‘new farmers’ at GATUMBA FARM, BINDURA .

TUMAI PHIRI, ZANU PF ward chairman
KENNEDY MAKOMO, 
EDWARD URIRI 
MR CHARI  

As of today, six families are homeless and living in the open without any protection from the cold of winter. In any crisis, it is said, the children and women are the first causalities, and this case highlights the magnitude of humanitarian disaster that is being created by ZANU PF supporters at the Government’s approval.

On 3 May Paradzai Charumo, Luxious Madzviti, Kazembe Chezamu, Samuel Nakurimu, Mavhura Sakaike, Antonio Savieri were forced out of their homes together with their families, including children. Their properties ware thrown out as well and to this day, they are grappling with the harsh weather conditions caused by winter and the rain.

The victims were farm laborers living in the compound houses built by the previous white owner. They allege that the reason why they are being evicted from the compound cottages is that the perpetrators, who are the committee appointed by the settlers in the farm, are too lazy to build decent houses since they live in mud houses with no electricity and piped water. According to the victims, the new farm settlers want to enjoy the decent houses occupied by the former farm laborers since they generally consider themselves new owners of the farm.

Inspector Chibande, Member in Charge for Bindura rural police station refused to take the report from the six victims. He said the police are not taking cases of political violence now and then later claimed that this was employer, employee dispute so his department will not be involved.

Two of the people affected are ROHR members. As a human rights organization, ROHR is currently liaising with local lawyers seeking a court interdict to reverse the unlawful eviction. The ZANU PF chairman’s actions are unacceptable and must be stopped, as this behavior sets a very bad precedence of violence in the area. This is one of the many cases of farm violations being reported from farms in the Mashonaland Central Province.

A rude awakening for Zimbabwe...

AS JESTINA AND 17 OTHERS ARE ROBBED OF THEIR FREEDOM AGAIN! 

The circus of contradictions within the inclusive Government has now gone beyond the awkward. We are not concerned much with internal power struggles happening in the Government but when that spills over to constrict the freedoms and personal liberty of civilians, it becomes a human rights issue and obviously a concerning matter to all of us.

Restoration of Human Rights Zimbabwe is disturbed by the state’s continued violation of the rights of Zimbabwe Peace Project (ZPP) Director Jestinah Mukoko and 17 other Human rights and opposition activists who were re-detained when they appeared for routine remand on 5 May 2009. We believe the right to liberty is fundamental, as are other civil and political rights enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the government should either respect or cause them to be respected within its borders. What disturbs us more is the prior knowledge we have about the dreaded conditions in the Zimbabwe prisons. They are overcrowded, filthy and people die due to starvation and diseases.  

The activists who are being accused of sabotage, terrorism and banditry were re-detained under the Criminal procedures and Evidence Act Section 66.1 which posits that once a person is indicted the bail is terminated unless the Attorney General agrees to remand them out of custody. The state’s reluctance to agree for further remand out of custody leaves a lot to be desired considering that Mugabe has for long been breaching the terms of the inclusive government entered between Mugabe (ZANU PF), Tsvangirai (MDC-T) and Mutambara (MDC-M). 

We share the defense lawyers’ opinion that the Magistrate court did not have the capacity to withdraw bail as this was an agreement reached by the political parties in the inclusive government on the issue of political detainees. It is an outright violation of the right to liberty as enshrined in the Zimbabwean constitution and the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights (ACHPR). Article 6 of the ACHPR notes that “everyone shall have the right to liberty and to the security of his person…no one may be arbitrarily arrested or detained”.

This gibberish is a further blow to the little credibility our new Government was gaining in the eyes of the people, investors and donors. The interpretation for these continued violations, including those happening at the farms daily, is that ZANU PF is still firmly in power and so is its strong fabric of human rights violation. Apparently it appears that the former opposition party is still detached from the handles of power and MDC’s calls for an end to travel sanctions for ZANU PF leadership now come across as public relations and politicking. 

The true emancipation of the people of Zimbabwe from the ZANU PF’s are curse of rights violations and vindictiveness is yet to be realized. The headlines we hear every day about violations in farms, prisons are a sad reality that are setting the tone of our new dispensation. To all those who ever hoped and believed that ZANU PF has reformed, yesterday is your answer. It’s is not yet uhuru for Zimbabwe.

  ….. End …..

HIFA enlightens the need for Truth and Justice

ROHR Zimbabwe was privileged to attend this year’s opening ceremony of Harare International Festival of the Arts (HIFA) held in Harare from 28 April to 3 May. 

The event, coined under the theme Enlightenment, marked the 10th Anniversary of the prestigious arts festival, an interesting parallel to the 10 years struggle for the democratization of Zimbabwe.

What we admired most was the fact that at some point in the show, a big screen in front started showing all names of people who were murdered in last year’s election due to political violence engineered by the ZANU PF government as retribution for losing the 29 March elections vote to Movement for Democratic Change. The play captured a trajectory of the evolvement of Zimbabwe from an epoch of chaos and misunderstanding to one that appreciates our individual uniqueness. Enlightenment matures people towards a greater understanding and appreciation of our plurality and we will be far more suited towards tolerating one another during elections.  

We need truth and justice in Zimbabwe

The theme portrayed at HIFA resonates with our thinking at ROHR Zimbabwe and that of our members we consulted. There is need for truth and justice in Zimbabwe as a pre-requisite for any appeals for forgiveness and/or forgetfulness). 

Questions are still asked about what really happened to all the people who died between April and September 2008. Even as the Government is still to finalise appointments of public officials, questions are still raised about the involvement of some of the legislators and cabinet ministers in the violence that swept through the nation like a Tsunami tidal wave. We need answers on who was involved in what and to what end? Why? And how that happened? In any case, the number and kind of questions we ask will determine the number and kind of answers we get!

For people to forgive anyhow, they need to know the person/people to forgive and for what. Mass forgiveness will not work! Without a holistic approach to the subject, the Government’s Forgive and Forget campaign will just be a cosmetic solution to bridging through this transitional period. Unfortunately civil unrest that revealed itself this year in the form of retributive violence will continue and probably transform itself into other forms that we can never begin to imagine at this point.  

Zimbabwe belongs to all of us! We seek truth and Justice now.
To know more about ROHR Zimbabwe please visit our website on www.rohrzimbabwe.org or check out our new blog on www.rohrzimbabwe.blogspot.com

ROHR visits Gandhi and Kisimusi Dhlamini at Harare clinic

Zimbabwe prison conditions appalling…. 

  ….As ROHR visits Gandhi and Kisimusi Dhlamini at Harare clinic

Zimbabwe Prisons can be described as death traps. The conditions inside them do not come close to those suitable for human habitation. They are a complete manifestation of the highest echelons in human rights violations and it is painful if not disgraceful that inmates and detainees are treated like aliens and second class citizens who are lucky to even be given crumbs for a meal. We are outraged. 

On 31 March 2009,South African Broadcasting Corporation special assignment program captured the extent of the holocaust in the prisons through a graphic video showing inmates who looked more like living skeletons, visibly suffering from severe malnutrition related conditions, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS. 
The horrendous conditions of the prisons and the conduct of the Zimbabwe Prison service, under the headship of the outspoken Retired Major General Paradzayi Zimondi remain a contentious issue. 

Our UK partner, the Zimbabwe Vigil has prepared a petition to Zimbabwe’s neighbors: “We call upon the Southern African Development Community – as guarantors of the Zimbabwe power-sharing agreement – to put pressure on the new Zimbabwean government of national unity to stop the blatant abuse of human rights of prisoners in Zimbabwe who are dying of starvation, disease and torture.”

ROHR Zimbabwe president Ephraim Tapa said in an address at Zimbabwe independence celebrations in United Kingdom that the experience in the prisons can be likened to the Jewish holocaust under the Nazi regime. “They can’t feed them, clothe them . . . . They are treated worse than pigs or dogs. Whoever is in power we must have our human rights.” (Ephraim Tapa on 18 April 2008).

ROHR Zimbabwe joins the rest of the world in advocating for immediate improvement of the lives of people living in the jails across the country. Since 2000 the living conditions at prisons have deteriorated to alarming levels and the apparent inadequate provision of food, proper sanitation, health facilities and drugs has exposed inmates to various illness and diseases such as malnutrition and pellagra that killed 23 people in 2007.

About Torture and harassment of detainees
It is one thing for prison conditions to be inhuman, and yet another for the Government to be responsible for all the reported cases of torture and harassment prisoners and detainees have been subjected to. We wish to put it on record that Human rights are universal and everyone is entitled to enjoy these. Prisoners are not an exception. Jestina Mukoko, Director of Zimbabwe peace project, who was once abducted and detained by the ZANU PF Government in December, recalled instances where she was tortured on several counts and denied access to medical treatment and drugs. 
Article 5 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights prohibits and outlaws torture to be excercised by member states of the African Union. 

Solidarity visit for Ghandi Mudzingwa and Kisimusi Dhlamini at Harare clinic….
On Friday 24 April 2009 a ROHR Zimbabwe delegation led by the Secretary General Tichanzii Gandanga and the Programs Director Clifford Hlatywayo paid a solidarity visit to the detained Movement for Democratic Change activists Gandhi Mudzingwa and Kisimusi Dhlamini at Avenues clinic.
The visit was particularly aimed at getting information from the two detainees on the how they endured in the deadly prisons during the time they were closed up. Mudzingwa and Dhlamini have been tortured severely while in detention on charges banditry and insurgency with the aim of overthrowing the government.  

Torture which can be defined as causing severe pain and suffering, physically or mentally for such purposes as obtaining information or a confession. Article 2 of The Convention against Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, says, “Each state party shall take effective, administrative, judicial or other measures to prevent acts of torture in any territory under its jurisdiction. No exceptional circumstances whatsoever whether a state of war or a threat of war, internal political instability or any other public emergency, may be invoked as a justification of torture”.

Mudzingwa and Dhlamini were granted bail on Friday 17 April only to be re-arrested later after the Attorney General used his powers to reverse the bail that had been granted them. Gandanga expressed shock about the inhuman treatment the MDC security chiefs received whilst in custody.

ROHR Zimbabwe’s urges the Justice Minister Patrick Chinamasa to be serious…
ROHR Zimbabwe is outraged by the casual way in which the Government of Zimbabwe responded to the damning video. We quote the response and conduct of the Justice Minister Patrick Chinamasa, who was also the lead negotiator for ZANU PF during the interparty negotiations for the inclusive Government on this matter. The “honorable” Minister in his wisdom had the audacity to call the documentary by SABC a ‘fraud’ and that it was taken from another country in Africa. This position fails to reconcile the fact that the documentary cost the freedom and jobs of three prison officials from the Beitbridge prison. Thabiso Nyathi (35), Siyai Muchechedzi (35) and Thembinkosi Nkomo (28) were arrested in Gwanda for allegedly smuggling the SABC investigative journalists into the prison. The trio is being charged with breaching the Official Secrets Act.

We call for an increased measure of seriousness, maturity and sincerity on the Minister’s part, and that he should desist from blocking s attempts by independent civic and humanitarian organizations to tour the prisons to assess the level of human rights and humanitarian deficits.
  
  ----------------------- end-----------------------

Human Rights Commission we prefer

ROHR ZIMBABWE’S RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EFFECTIVE PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN ZIMBABWE

30 APRIL 2008

WHY ZIMBABWE NEEDS A HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION

ROHR Zimbabwe recognizes that the protection and promotion of human rights cannot be left to individuals or the government, and there is a need to create independent national institutions such as the Human Rights Commission (HRC), subject only to the Constitution and the law, to transform our society from its unjust and violent past and to deliver the fundamental rights in the constitution and relevant conventions on human rights to all in Zimbabwe.

The historical governance model and culture of violence in the nation stems from the background of intolerance dating back to the struggle for Zimbabwe independence. The same culture was adopted by the ZANU PF government and has been the tone of Zimbabwe’s democracy even to this day. The most visible episodes where man made human rights calamities can be traced back to the Gukurahundi massacre where President Mugabe deployed the Korean trained fifth brigade to wipe out alleged dissidents in Matebeleland and Midlands provinces. In the process unspeakable affronts innocent people’s rights were committed. To date the actual figures of the violations ranging from loss of life, disability, destruction of homes, livelihoods, and property still remain unrecorded.

This same culture informed the violent war waged against white farm owners in what became known as the Third Chimurenga in 1999 -2000. The chaotic nature of the repossession of farms has been the major contributor of the economic collapse of Zimbabwe. At the current president’s instigation, lives were lost during violence that occurred during 2000 and 2002 elections. This violence pioneered the role youth and trained militia play in perpetrating violence, intimidation, and rape in the name of defending the nation from western influence thereby laying the seed for the polarization of our society that we still grapple with today.

The same government was responsible for an operation called Murambatsvina (Clean up trash) which left more than 1 million people without shelter and livelihood. Children, women and the disabled were the most affected. Today the nation is still to heal from the inter-elections politically motivated violence that claimed more than 170 lives, children included, simply because the ZANU PF party regarded Zimbabwe as exclusively reserved for their rule forever and the violence they unleashed on defenseless citizens was apparently in retribution for the march 29 plebiscite that upset ZANU PF’s majority in the house of Assembly.

Invariably the analysis of the historical progression of violations is incomplete without mentioning the role played by the executive in undermining the effective independent operations of state institution such as the judiciary, attorney general’s office, army, police and state security. This all stems from the failure to separate the government and the political party. Zimbabwe’s checks and balances were compromised. This made it easy therefore for ZANU PF to deny people’s right to access of information by banning private television stations, three independent newspapers the daily News, the Daily News on Sunday and the tribune in 2003. The final nail to Zimbabwe economy came when the Government stooped as low as to determine individual price lists of businesses in Harare in an operation termed ‘Dzikisai mutengo’ where businesses and investors were forced to sell their products and services at prices below the cost price. Most businesses failed to breakeven closed and some investors relocated to neighboring countries. Unemployment rose.

The dictatorial tendencies of African regimes as proved by the ZANU PF government inimical to people’s rights and freedoms and therefore, paradigm shift have to be made for real change to be achieved.

Cognizant of this fact, and also that human rights cannot be achieved solely through legislation and administrative arrangements, the inclusive Government must establish the appropriate checks and balance models. This is done through the formation, and reconstructing truly independent national institutions that comply with the General Assemblyresolution A/RES/48/134 of 20 December 1993 known as the (Paris declaration) to which Zimbabwe is party.

It is on that basis that ROHR Zimbabwe welcomes the intention to establish a human rights commission as legalized by section IV/ 100Q of the 19th amendment of the constitution. However as ROHR Zimbabwe it is our considered view that giving the right to the President to appoint the chairperson and his/her commissioners in not consistent with the Paris declaration and violates the principles governing the independence of such an national institutions.

For the commission to be relevant to the people of Zimbabwe in its fulfillment of its mandate Restoration of human rights proposes the following standards

1. The constitution must make a provision in its text that gives the commission as broad a mandate as possible, specifying its composition and its sphere of influence. To this end no person no matter how powerful in rank and influence should be above investigation of rights violations. The culture of impunity has to stop.

2. The Human rights commission should establish a secretariat and the necessary infrastructure suitable for the smooth conduct of its activities. It that respect, the commission should be properly funded. The purpose of this funding should be to enable it to have its own staff and premises, in order to be independent of the government and not be subject to financial control which might affect this independence.
3. In order to ensure a stable mandate for the members of the institution, without which there can be no real independence, their appointment of the chairperson and the 8 commissioners (proposed in the amendment 19 of Zimbabwe constitution) must be effected by an official act of parliament which should specify their mandate and duration of their term. Therefore, the provision of the amendment 19 that reserves the power to appoint the commissioners and the chairperson of the HRC is not proper as it compromises the independence of the institution.
4. The institution should be truly independent and subject only to the Constitution and the law of Zimbabwe, and they must be impartial and must exercise their powers and perform their functions without fear, favor or prejudice.
5. The new constitution must make the Universal bill of rights legally enforceable and make it a cornerstone of Zimbabwe’s democracy and compel the state to respect, protect, promote and fulfill the rights in the bill of rights.
6. Other organs of state, through legislative and other measures, must be revamped and reconstituted enable them to assist and protect these human rights commission to ensure its independence, impartiality, dignity and effectiveness.
7. In the lifetime of the inclusive Government, the collective consensus of the joint political will, person or organ of state should not interfere with the functioning of these institutions.
8. The HRC, like any other national institution, must only be accountable to the house of assembly, and must report on their activities and the performance of their functions to parliament on a regular basis either semi-annually or annually.

The functions and responsibilities of the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission should among others be as follows:

To receive and investigate complaints from individuals (and occasionally, from groups) alleging human rights abuses committed in violation of existing national law.

Systematically review the government's human rights policy in order to detect shortcomings in human rights observance and to suggest ways of improving it.

Monitor the State's compliance with its own and with international human rights laws and if necessary, recommend changes. In that connection, the national institution should examine the legislation and administrative provisions in force, as well as bills and proposals, and make such recommendations as it deems appropriate in order to ensure that these provisions conform to the fundamental principles of human rights. It should, when necessary, recommend the adoption of new legislation, the amendment of legislation in force and the adoption or amendment of administrative measures;

Drawing the attention of the government to situations in any part of the country where human rights are violated and making proposals to it for initiatives to put an end to such situations and, where necessary, expressing an opinion on the positions and reactions of the government. It has a duty to advocate for the immediate repealing of draconian pieces of legislature such as Public Order and Security Act (POSA), Access to Information and Protection of Privacy Act (AIPPA) and Broadcasting Services Act (BSA) that stand averse to people freedom of assembly, association and right to information.

To promote and ensure the harmonization of national legislation, regulations and practices with the international human rights instruments to which the State is a party, and their effective implementation;

To publicize human rights and efforts to combat all forms of discrimination and intolerance, in particular political discrimination and intolerance, by increasing public awareness, especially through information and education and by making use of all press organs.

In keeping its independent nature, the commissions must be generally composed of a variety of members of social standing from diverse backgrounds but each with a particular interest, expertise or experience in the field of human rights. The members should not be found to have a previous record of human rights violation and/or injustices. On the composition suggested by the inclusive government, we welcome the provision that constitutionally reserves four seats out of the eight for women appointment as commissioners to balance gender composition.